Zimbabwe Introduces Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine

Zimbabwe is taking a significant stride towards eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, syphilis, and Hepatitis B by introducing the universal Hepatitis B birth dose vaccination. This move aligns with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, emphasizing vaccination within 24 hours of birth to effectively prevent MTCT of Hepatitis B.

Health and Child Care Minister Dr Douglas Mombeshora expressed optimism about the initiative, highlighting the Global Alliance for Vaccine Initiative’s (GAVI) financial support for countries procuring the birth dose. The Zimbabwe National Validation Committee initially focused on HIV and Syphilis elimination, now expands its mandate to include Hepatitis B, signifying a shift to a triple elimination strategy.

Since 2008, Zimbabwean children have received the pentavalent vaccine at 6, 10, and 14 weeks, offering protection against five diseases, including Hepatitis B. Introducing the birth dose aims to further reduce vertical transmission rates, which currently stand at 7.4%. Additionally, the HIV/Syphilis duo test kit has significantly increased testing coverage for these diseases.

Despite progress, challenges persist. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among pregnant and breastfeeding women needs to increase, and syphilis treatment coverage needs to reach 95%. Moreover, the vertical transmission rate must fall below the WHO target of 5%. While vertical HIV infections have decreased over time, approximately 3,650 new child infections occurred in 2023.

Dr. Agnes Chetty, a WHO AFRO Medical Officer, emphasized that the National Validation Committee training underscores Zimbabwe’s commitment to achieving triple elimination, ensuring every child’s right to be born free from HIV, syphilis, and Hepatitis B.

WHO plays a vital role in this endeavour, serving as the Validation Secretariat and providing support to strengthen health systems and ensure comprehensive, person-centred services. As Zimbabwe’s HIV program progresses towards epidemic control, WHO continues to offer technical and financial assistance for evidence-based interventions.

Dr. Desta Tiruneh, WHO Representative to Zimbabwe, expressed confidence in the country’s efforts and anticipates increased service coverage for pregnant and breastfeeding women, leading to fewer new infections in children.